How Indirect DNA Transfer Is Challenging Forensics and Overturning Wrongful Convictions

Prosecutors and forensic researchers say DNA evidence is not so cut and dry.

By Emilie Le Beau Lucchesi
Sep 15, 2021 5:00 AMSep 15, 2021 5:26 PM
Crime scene evidence
(Credit: felipe caparros/Shutterstock)

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None of us know where our DNA has been. More aptly, we don’t know where it has incidentally traveled to without us. But this does happen, occasionally placing innocent people’s DNA at brutal crime scenes, and adding troubling twists to real-life courtroom cases.

It sounds like the premise of a dramatic thriller movie. And it’s something that forensic scientists are trying to understand better. 

In the forensics world, they call this traveling DNA scenario indirect or secondary DNA transfer. Essentially, this occurs when an individual’s DNA spreads to objects and places via other human carriers. Depending on the material where it settles, it can be indirectly transferred as many as six times, according to Cynthia Cale, an independent forensic consultant who specializes in secondary DNA transfer.

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